Reflowed text3/6/2024 It is therefore challenging to analyze potential hyphenation problems offline based on the text alone. It must also be noted that the word character count is an unsuitable measure of word length in the context of layout on the web. Consequently, the long word becomes disconnected from the other words of the same text paragraph. The browser flows the word below the box. The increased zoom level leads to a narrower viewport width, which means that both the green text box and the long word cannot fit on the same horizontal line. Figure 2 shows the same page with a browser magnification of 175%. This is equivalent to a display width of 1280 CSS pixels viewed with a 400% browser magnification.įigure 1 shows an example web page with a text box and a paragraph of text with one very long word with a 150% browser magnification. The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 recommends that web pages should support reflow with narrow viewport widths of 320 CSS pixels (criterion 1.4.10). Even though the visual appearance of the text is larger, its defined size is unchanged. The effective viewport width becomes narrower and can hold less content (although the number of physical pixels remains constant). Consequently, less text can fit in the viewport. The magnification means that the size of text and other elements are scaled up. Viewports may become narrow if browsing content on mobile devices with limited screen real estate, with small browser windows, or when browsing with zoom magnification to make reading more comfortable. There are situations where a lack of hyphenation can cause problems on responsive web pages with narrow viewports. The two terms will be used interchangeably herein for simplicity. Word wrap is similar to word hyphenation but without the insertion of the hyphen-character and without the adherence to language specific rules. Although hyphenation can slow down reading, intentional and careful use of soft hyphenation can prevent text from breaking up. Clearly, this can disrupt the reading process for low-vision users. By default, words on web pages are not hyphenated, and if a word is too long, it may be pushed down the page and thus disconnected from its textual context, or even disappear from the viewport. The concept of word wrapping has emerged with modern web technology where layouts are rendered dynamically. Traditionally, word hyphenation was used for printed text with fixed layouts where a language competent proof-reader could check that the hyphenation adhered to formal hyphenation rules. Consequently, more text can fit on a page, or it becomes easier to achieve justified right margins. Word hyphenation is the breaking up of long words across two lines with a hyphen to signal the connection between the two-word parts.
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